Validity of a Three-dimensional Public-Domain System for Contemporary Endodontic Research

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the limits and benefits of a visualization system based on public-domain software for contemporary three-dimensional (3-D) endodontic research purposes. Three-dimensional bio-models of six human teeth and of one bone-implant specimen were generated using cross-sectional imaging. To evaluate the overall performance in processing large data sets and in reproducing accurate 3-D morphology, slices with a thickness varying from 100 μm to 10 μm were cut. Auto-outlining and segmenting techniques were tested. The 3-D bio-models represented in accurate detail the different morphological aspects of the specimen. Voxel volumes of 0.116 × 10⁻⁵ mm³ could be realized and were only restricted by the computer hardware limitations. The system is not limited to dental hard tissues. Hypomineralized material and soft tissues as well as bone- and allogeneic-implant material could be visualized. The method presented is valid and meets current requirements applying to endodontic research. The broad-based use of high-quality, public-domain software and the resulting exchange of experience help to manage resources and may contribute to enhancing the in-process quality of research.