Journal of Endodontics
Volume 33, Issue 11 , Pages 1296-1298 , November 2007

Appropriate Electrode Placement Site for Electric Pulp Testing First Molar Teeth

  • Jack Lin, BDS
  • ,
  • Nicholas Chandler, BDS, MSc, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress requests for reprints to Associate Professor Nicholas Chandler, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 647, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
  • ,
  • David Purton, BDS, MDS
  • ,
  • Brian Monteith, BChD, MChD

References 

  1. Närhi M, Virtanen A, Kuhta J, Huopaniemi T. Electrical stimulation of teeth with a pulp tester in the cat. Scand J Dent Res. 1979;87:32–38
  2. Petersson K, Söderström C, Kiani-Anaraki M, Lévy G. Evaluation of the ability of thermal and electrical tests to register pulp vitality. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1999;15:127–131
  3. Cooley RL, Robison SF. Variables associated with electric pulp testing. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1980;50:66–73
  4. Fulling H-J, Andreasen JO. Influence of maturation status and tooth type of permanent teeth upon electrometric and thermal pulp testing. Scand J Dent Res. 1976;84:286–290
  5. Hannam AG, Siu W, Tom J. A comparison of monopolar and bipolar pulp-testing. J Can Dent Assoc. 1974;40:124–128
  6. Ziskin DE, Zegarelli EV. The pulp testing problem: the stimulus threshold of the dental pulp and the peridental membrane as indicated by electrical means. J Am Dent Assoc. 1945;32:1439–1449
  7. Bender IB, Landau MA, Fonsecca S, Trowbridge HO. The optimum placement-site of the electrode in electric pulp testing of the 12 anterior teeth. J Am Dent Assoc. 1989;118:305–310
  8. Anderson RW, Pantera EA. Influence of a barrier technique on electric pulp testing. J Endod. 1988;14:179–180
  9. Certosimo AJ, Archer RD. A clinical evaluation of the electric pulp tester as an indicator of local anesthesia. Oper Dent. 1996;21:25–30
  10. Dreven LJ, Reader A, Beck FM, Meyers WJ, Weaver J. An evaluation of an electric pulp tester as a measure of analgesia in human vital teeth. J Endod. 1987;13:233–238
  11. Branco FP, Ranali J, Ambrosano GMB, Volpato MC. A double-blind comparison of 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine and 0.5% levobupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine for the inferior alveolar nerve block. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101:442–447
  12. Goodman A, Reader A, Nusstein J, Beck M, Weaver J. Anesthetic efficacy of lidocaine/meperidine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks. Anesth Prog. 2006;53:131–139
  13. Carnes PL, Cook B, Eleazer PD, Scheetz JP. Change in pain threshold by meperidine, naproxen sodium, and acetaminophen as determined by electric pulp testing. Anesth Prog. 1998;45:139–142
  14. Modaresi J, Dianat O, Mozayeni MA. The efficacy comparison of ibuprofen, acetaminophen-codeine, and placebo premedication therapy on the depth of anesthesia during treatment of inflamed teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;102:399–403
  15. Meechan JG, Kanaa MD, Corbett IP, Steen IN, Whitworth JM. Pulpal anaesthesia for mandibular permanent first molar teeth: a double-blind randomized cross-over trial comparing buccal and buccal plus lingual infiltration injections in volunteers. Int Endod J. 2006;39:764–769
  16. Lai T-N, Lin C-P, Kok S-H, et al. Evaluation of mandibular block using a standardized method. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;102:462–468
  17. Mumford JM. Pain perception threshold and adaptation of normal human teeth. Arch Oral Biol. 1965;10:957–968
  18. Johnsen DC. Innervation of teeth: qualitative, quantitative, and developmental assessment. J Dent Res. 1985;64:555–563
  19. Lilja J. Sensory differences between crown and root dentin in human teeth. Acta Odontol Scand. 1980;38:285–291
  20. Byers MR. Dental sensory receptors. Int Rev Neurobiol. 1984;25:39–94
  21. Byers MR, Dong WK. Autoradiographic location of sensory nerve endings in dentin of monkey teeth. Anat Rec. 1983;205:441–454
  22. Jacobson JJ. Probe placement during electric pulp-testing procedures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984;58:242–247
  23. Parkell Gentle-Pulse Tester. Parkell Electronics, Farmingdale, NY. Available at: www.parkell.com. Accessed July 23, 2007.
  24. Martin H, Ferris C, Mazzella W. An evaluation of media used in electric pulp testing. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1969;27:374–378
  25. Mickel AK, Lindquist KAD, Chogle S, Jones JJ, Curd F. Electric pulp tester conductance through various interface media. J Endod. 2006;32:1178–1180
  26. Kanaa MD, Meechan JG, Corbett IP, Whitworth JM. Speed of injection influences efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve blocks: a double-blind randomized controlled trial in volunteers. J Endod. 2006;32:919–923
  27. Kanaa MD, Whitworth JM, Corbett IP, Meechan JG. Articaine and lidocaine mandibular buccal infiltration anesthesia: a prospective randomized double-blind cross-over study. J Endod. 2006;32:296–298
  28. Mikesell P, Nusstein J, Reader A, Beck M, Weaver J. A comparison of articaine and lidocaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks. J Endod. 2005;31:265–270
  29. Fernandez C, Reader A, Beck M, Nusstein J. A prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of bupivacaine and lidocaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks. J Endod. 2005;31:499–503

PII: S0099-2399(07)00747-9

doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2007.08.006

Journal of Endodontics
Volume 33, Issue 11 , Pages 1296-1298 , November 2007