Journal of Endodontics
Volume 34, Issue 7, Supplement , Pages S2-S5 , July 2008

The Caries Process and Its Effect on the Pulp: The Science Is Changing and So Is Our Understanding

  • Lars Bjørndal, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress requests for reprints to Dr Bjørndal at

References 

  1. Oen KT, Thompson VP, Vena D, et al. Attitudes and expectations of treating deep caries: a PEARL network survey. Gen Dent. 2007;55:197–203
  2. Qudeimat MA, Al-Saiegh FA, AL-Omari Q, Omar R. Restorative decisions for deep proximal carious lesions in primary molars. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2007;8:37–42
  3. Tomes J. A system of dental surgery. London: John Churchill; 1859;336
  4. Black GV. A work on operative dentistry in two volumes, vol II (The technical procedures in filling teeth). 2nd ed.. Chicago: Medico-Dental Publishing Co; 1908;
  5. Bergenholtz G, Lindhe J. Effect of soluble plaque factors on inflammatory reactions in the dental pulp. Scand J Dent Res. 1975;83:153–158
  6. Mjör IA, Tronstad L. Experimentally induced pulpitis. Oral Surg. 1972;34:102–108
  7. Brännström M, Lind PO. Pulpal response to early caries. J Dent Res. 1965;44:1045–1050
  8. Nadin G, Goel BR, Yeung CA, Glenny AM. Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;1:CD003220
  9. Massler M. Pulpal reactions to dental caries. Int Dent J. 1967;17:441–460
  10. Bjørndal L, Thylstrup A. A structural analysis of approximal enamel caries lesions and subjacent dentin reactions. Eur J Oral Sci. 1995;103:25–31
  11. Lee Y-L, Liu J, Clarkson BH, Lin C-P, Godovikova V, Ritchie HH. Dentin-pulp complex responses to carious lesions. Caries Res. 2006;40:256–264
  12. Bjørndal L, Thylstrup A, Ekstrand KR. A method for light microscopy examination of cellular and structural interrelations in undemineralized tooth specimens. Acta Odontol Scand. 1994;52:182–190
  13. Yoshiba N, Yoshiba K, Nakamura H, Iwaka M, Ozawa H. Immunohistochemical localization of HLA-DR-positive cells in unerupted and erupted normal and carious human teeth. J Dent Res. 1996;75:1585–1589
  14. Bjørndal L, Darvann T, Thylstrup A. A quantitative light microscopic study of odontoblast and subodontoblastic reactions to active and arrested enamel caries without cavitation. Caries Res. 1998;32:59–69
  15. Lukinmaa PL, Vaahtokari A, Vainio S, Thesleff I. Expression of type I collagen pro-α2 chain mRNA in Adult human permanent teeth as revealed by in situ hybridization. J Dent Res. 1992;71:36–42
  16. Bjørndal L, Darvann T. A light microscopic study of odontoblastic and non-odontoblastic cells involved in tertiary dentinogenesis in well-defined cavitated carious lesions. Caries Res. 1999;33:50–60
  17. Tagami J, Hosoda H, Burrow MF, Nakajima M. Effect of ageing and caries in dentin permeability. Proc Finn Dent Soc. 1992;88(Suppl 1):149–154
  18. Kidd EAM, Bjørndal L, Beighton D, Fejerskov O. Caries removal and the pulpo-dentinal complex. In:  Fejerskov O,  Kidd EAM editor. Dental caries: the disease and its clinical management. 2nd ed.. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2008;p. 367–383
  19. Ekstrand KR, Bjørndal L. Structural analyses of plaque and caries in relation to the morphology of the groove-fossa system on erupting mandibular third molars. Caries Res. 1997;31:336–348
  20. Ricketts D, Ekstrand KR, Kidd EAM, Larsen T. Relating visual and radiographic ranked scoring systems for occlusal caries detection to histological and microbiological evidence. Oper Dent. 2002;27:231–237
  21. Silverstone LM, Hicks MJ. The structure and ultrastructure of the carious lesion in human dentin. Gerodontics. 1985;1:185–193
  22. Bjørndal L. Dentin and pulp reactions to caries and operative treatment: biological variables affecting treatment outcome. Endodontic Topics. 2002;2:10–23
  23. Bjørndal L, Kidd EAM. The treatment of deep dentine carious lesions. Dent Update. 2005;32:402–413
  24. Bjørndal L, Laustsen MH, Reit C. Root canal treatment in Denmark is most often carried out in carious vital molar teeth and retreatments are rare. Int Endod J. 2006;39:785–790
  25. Magloire H, Bouvier M, Joffre A. Odontoblast response under carious lesions. Proc Finn Dent Soc. 1992;88(Suppl.1):257–274
  26. Bjørndal L. Presence or absence of tertiary dentinogenesis in relation to caries progression. Adv Dent Res. 2001;33:80–83
  27. Edwardsson S. Bacteriology of dentin caries. In:  Thylstrup A,  Leach SA,  Qvist V editor. Dentine and dentine reactions in the oral cavity. Oxford: IRL Press; 1987;p. 95–102
  28. Tronstad L. Clinical endodontics. In: 2nd ed.. Stuttgard: Thieme; 2003;p. 81
  29. Smith AJ, Tobias RS, Cassidy N, et al. Odontoblast stimulation in ferrets by dentine matrix components. Arch Oral Biol. 1994;39:13–22

 Conflict of Interest: Lars Bjørndal, DDS, PhD, is a Grant Recipient from the Danish Agency for Science Technology and Innovation.This article is being published concurrently in Pediatric Dentistry, May/June 2008; Volume 30, Issue 3. The articles are identical. Either citation can be used when citing this article.

PII: S0099-2399(08)00200-8

doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.02.037

Journal of Endodontics
Volume 34, Issue 7, Supplement , Pages S2-S5 , July 2008