Journal of Endodontics
Volume 36, Issue 10 , Pages 1664-1668 , October 2010

The Effect of Needle-insertion Depth on the Irrigant Flow in the Root Canal: Evaluation Using an Unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics Model

  • Christos Boutsioukis, DDS, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Endodontology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
    • Department of Cariology Endodontology Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress requests for reprints to Mr Christos Boutsioukis, 29, Kimis Str, 551 33 Thessaloniki, Greece.
    • ,
  • Theodor Lambrianidis, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Endodontology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
    • ,
  • Bram Verhaagen, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Physics of Fluids Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, and Research Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine MIRA, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Michel Versluis, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Physics of Fluids Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, and Research Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine MIRA, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Eleftherios Kastrinakis, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
    • ,
  • Paul R. Wesselink, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cariology Endodontology Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Lucas W.M. van der Sluis, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cariology Endodontology Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands

References 

  1. Gulabivala K, Patel B, Evans G, et al. Effects of mechanical and chemical procedures on root canal surfaces. Endod Top. 2005;10:103–122
  2. Ingle JI, Himel VT, Hawrish CE, et al. Endodontic cavity preparation. In:  Ingle JI,  Bakland LK editor. Endodontics. 5th ed. Ontario, Canada: BC Decker; 2002;p. 502
  3. Peters OA. Current challenges and concepts in the preparation of root canal systems: a review. J Endod. 2004;30:559–567
  4. van der Sluis LWM, Gambarini G, Wu MK, et al. The influence of volume, type of irrigant and flushing method on removing artificially placed dentine debris from the apical root canal during passive ultrasonic irrigation. Int Endod J. 2006;39:472–476
  5. Chow TW. Mechanical effectiveness of root canal irrigation. J Endod. 1983;9:475–479
  6. Abou-Rass M, Piccinino MV. The effectiveness of four clinical irrigation methods on the removal of root canal debris. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1982;54:323–328
  7. Albrecht LJ, Baumgartner JC, Marshall JG. Evaluation of apical debris removal using various sizes and tapers of ProFile GT files. J Endod. 2004;30:425–428
  8. Sedgley CM, Nagel AC, Hall D, et al. Influence of irrigant needle depth in removing bacteria inoculated into instrumented root canals using real-time imaging in vitro. Int Endod J. 2005;38:97–104
  9. Hsieh YD, Gau CH, Kung Wu SF, et al. Dynamic recording of irrigating fluid distribution in root canals using thermal image analysis. Int Endod J. 2007;40:11–17
  10. Zehnder M. Root canal irrigants. J Endod. 2006;32:389–398
  11. Boutsioukis C, Lambrianidis T, Kastrinakis E. Irrigant flow within a prepared root canal using different flow rates: a computational fluid dynamics study. Int Endod J. 2009;42:144–155
  12. Boutsioukis C, Verhaagen B, Versluis M, et al. Irrigant flow in the root canal: experimental validation of an unsteady computational fluid dynamics model using high-speed imaging. Int Endod J. 2010;43:393–403
  13. Boutsioukis C, Verhaagen B, Versluis M, et al. Evaluation of irrigant flow in the root canal using different needle types by an unsteady computational fluid dynamics model. J Endod. 2010;36:875–879
  14. Gao Y, Haapasalo M, Shen Y, et al. Development and validation of a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of root canal irrigation. J Endod. 2009;35:1282–1287
  15. Shen Y, Gao Y, Qian W, et al. Three-dimensional numeric simulation of root canal irrigant flow with different irrigation needles. J Endod. 2010;36:884–889
  16. Boutsioukis C, Lambrianidis T, Kastrinakis E, et al. Measurement of pressure and flow rates during irrigation of a root canal ex vivo with three endodontic needles. Int Endod J. 2007;40:504–513
  17. Guerisoli DMZ, Silva RS, Pecora JD. Evaluation of some physico-chemical properties of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite solutions. Braz Endod J. 1998;3:21–23
  18. Tay FR, Gu LS, Schoeffel GJ, et al. Effect of vapor lock on root canal debridement by using a side-vented needle for positive-pressure irrigant delivery. J Endod. 2010;36:745–750
  19. Shankar PN, Deshpande MD. Fluid mechanics in the driven cavity. Annu Rev Fluid Mech. 2000;32:93–136
  20. Sedgley C, Applegate B, Nagel A, et al. Real-time imaging and quantification of bioluminescent bacteria in root canals in vitro. J Endod. 2004;30:893–898
  21. Hughes WF, Brighton JA. Fluid Dynamics. 3rd ed.. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1999;2–6, 34–61, 118–23, 245–6

 Supported in part by a Scholarship for Excellent PhD Students from the Research Committee of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (CB), and through Project 07498 of the Dutch Technology Foundation STW (BV).

PII: S0099-2399(10)00526-1

doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.06.023

Journal of Endodontics
Volume 36, Issue 10 , Pages 1664-1668 , October 2010

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