It appears to be important to avoid thermal injury to the periodontal ligament when
using heated gutta-percha techniques such as “System B.” An in vitro model was developed,
consisting of an extracted human tooth rooted in an artificial periodontal ligament
(PDL) and alveolar socket, which allowed us to measure the temperature transferred
to the root surface. The teeth were instrumented and subsequently embedded in alginate
to simulate the PDL. Medium gutta-percha points were fit, sealer was applied, and
a fine Buchanan plugger was used for condensation. Temperature measurements were taken
simultaneously at the apex and 5 mm from the apex during obturation with two fine
gauge thermocouples connected to a digital thermometer. The average temperature increase
was ∼1°C at the apex and ∼2°C at the 5 mm mark. The resulting temperature increases
appear to be lower than previously reported by other investigators (Hardie, 1986,
1987; Barkhordar et al., 1990; Weller et al., 1991; Lee et al., 1998), who did not
allow for the heat disseminating effect of the PDL.
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© 2000 The American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
