Abstract
Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) levels are elevated in inflamed dental pulp. The roles
of IL-1β and PGF2α in the pathogenesis of pulpal inflammation await investigation. We found that IL-1β
stimulated PGF2α production of human dental pulp cells. IL-1β and PGF2α (0.5–10 μmol/L) also induced IL-8 production and mRNA expression in pulp cells. Aspirin
inhibited IL-1β–induced PGF2α, but not IL-8 production. PGF2α-induced IL-8 production and mRNA expression were inhibited by U0126 (an inhibitor
of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase [MEK1/2]) inhibitor), whereas SQ22536 (an
adenylate cyclase inhibitor) enhanced this event. These results indicate that IL-1β–induced
IL-8 production in pulp cells is not mainly via direct activation of cyclooxygenase
and PGF2α generation. PGF2α-induced IL-8 production is possibly via activation of MEK/extracellular signal-regulated
kinase signaling, but not by activation of adenylate cyclase. IL-1β and PGF2α might involve the pathogenesis of pulpal inflammation via induction of IL-8 production.
Key Words
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of EndodonticsAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Stimulation of interleukin-1β-independent interleukin-6 production in human dental pulp cells by lipopolysaccharide.Biol Mol Med. 1996; 59: 138-143
- Immune defense mechanisms of the dental pulp.Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 1998; 9: 179-200
- Mechanical stress activates proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidant defense enzymes in human dental pulp cells.J Endod. 2008; 34: 1364-1369
- Tissue response to dental caries.Endod Dent Traumatol. 1987; 3: 149-171
- Prostaglandins in rat pulp tissue.J Dent Res. 1983; 59: 1535-1540
- Innate immune responses of the dental pulp to caries.J Endod. 2007; 33: 643-651
- localization of substance P-induced upregulated interleukin-8 expression in human dental pulp explants.Int Endod J. 2008; 41: 100-107
- Molecular aspects of pathogenesis in osteoarthritis: the role of inflammation.Cell Mol Life Sci. 2002; 59: 45-53
- Prostanoids and prostanoid receptors in signal transduction.J Biochem Cell Biol. 2003; 36: 1187-1205
- Prostaglandin F2α upregulates interleukin-6 production in human gingival fibroblasts.J Periodontal Res. 2001; 36: 80-87
- Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 production by prostaglandin F2alpha in human gingival fibroblasts.J Periodontal Res. 2001; 36: 334-339
- Novel cyclooxygenase-catalyzed bioactive prostaglandin F2alpha from physiology to new principles in inflammation.Med Res Rev. 2007; 27: 435-468
- Prostaglandin F2 alpha enhances tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA synthesis through phospholipase C-coupled receptor via Ca(2+)-dependent intracellular pathway in NIH3T3 cells.J Biol Chem. 1994; 269: 17619-17625
- Cloning of a carboxyl-terminal isoform of the prostanoid FP receptor.J Biol Chem. 1997; 272: 883-887
- A radioimmunoassay determination of the concentrations of prostaglandins E2 and F2 in painful and asymptomatic human dental pulps.J Endod. 1985; 11: 330-335
- Immunohistochemical demonstration of prostaglandin E2, F2alpha and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha in rat dental pulp with experimentally induced inflammation.J Endod. 1996; 22: 600-602
- Increased interleukin-8 expression in inflamed human dental pulps.Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999; 88: 214-220
- Stimulation of glutathione depletion, ROS production and cell cycle arrest of dental pulp cells and gingival epithelial cells by HEMA.Biomaterials. 2005; 26: 745-753
- Prostaglandin EP receptor signaling and calcium mobilization in dental pulp cells.Int Endod J. 2006; 39: 819-826
- TGF-beta2 regulates growth and differentiation of pulp cells via ALK-5/Smad2/3.J Endod. 2008; 34: 427-432
- The induction of prostaglandin E2 production, interleukin-6 production, cell cycle arrest, and cytotoxicity in primary oral keratinocytes and KB cancer cells by areca nut ingredients is differentially regulated by MEK/ERK activation.J Biol Chem. 2004; 279: 50676-50683
- Roles of keratinocyte inflammation in oral cancer: regulating the prostaglandin E2, interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha production of oral epithelial cells by areca nut extract and arecoline.Carcinogenesis. 2003; 24: 1301-1315
- Mechanisms of abruption-induced premature rupture of the fetal membranes: thrombin-enhanced interleukin-8 expression in term decidua.Am J Pathol. 2005; 167: 1443-1449
- Gene profiles during root canal treatment in experimental rat periapical lesions.J Endod. 2007; 23: 936-943
- The potential role of suppressors of cytokine signaling in the attenuation of inflammatory reaction and alveolar bone loss associated with apical periodontitis.J Endod. 2008; 24: 1480-1484
- Proinflammatory cytokines induce cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and protein expression in human pulp cell cultures.J Endod. 2003; 29: 201-204
- Detection and characterization of interleukin-1 in human dental pulps.Arch Oral Biol. 1989; 34: 307-313
- Effects of interleukin-1 beta on human pulpal fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis.J Endod. 1998; 24: 409-413
- The effects of tumor necrosis factor-, interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor-1 on pulp fibroblast mediated collagen degradation.J Endod. 2006; 32: 853-861
- Expression of IL-8 by cells of the odontoblast layer in vitro.Eur J Oral Sci. 1999; 107: 131-137
- Prostaglandins E(2) and F(2alpha) enhance differentiation of cementoblastic cells.J Periodontol. 2005; 76: 303-309
- Serine/threonine phosphorylation in cytokine signal transduction.Leukemia. 2000; 14: 9-21
- Alteration of second messengers during acute cerebral ischemia: adenylate cyclase, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, and cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein.Prog Neuobiol. 2001; 65: 173-207
- Effect of bradykinin on intracellular signaling systems in a rat clonal dental pulp-cell line.Arch Oral Biol. 1993; 38: 43-48
- Artocarpol A stimulation of superoxide anion generation in meutrophils involved the activation of PLC, PKC and p38 mitogen-activated PK signaling pathways.Br J Pharmacol. 2005; 145: 460-468
- A potential role for extracellular signal-regulated kinases in prostaglandin F2alpha-induced protein synthesis in smooth muscle cells.J Biol Chen. 1999; 274: 12925-12932
- Effect of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate on human pulp cell survival pathways ERK and AKT.J Endod. 2008; 34: 684-688
- Rapid non-genomic activation of cytosolic cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity and [Ca(2+)](i) by 17beta-oestradiol in female rat distal colon.Br J Pharmacol. 2000; 129: 1375-1386
- Inhibition of microglial inflammatory responses by norepinephrine: effects on nitric oxide and interleukin-1β production.J Neuroinflammation. 2004; 1: 9
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 24, 2009
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
