Abstract
Introduction
Diffusion of hydroxyl ions from intracanal calcium hydroxide (CH) through dentin is
used to arrest external inflammatory root resorption. However, long-term and short-term
CH placement has been associated with an increased risk of root fracture. Intracanal
mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) might provide an alternative to CH as a source of
hydroxyl ions. This in vitro study compared the effects of intracanal MTA and CH on hydroxyl ion diffusion through
dentin by measuring pH changes over time in simulated root surface resorption defects
prepared in matched pairs of teeth; the null hypothesis tested was that there is no
difference.
Methods
Root surface cavities were prepared 5 mm from the apex in extracted human permanent
anterior teeth (21 matched pairs) and 7 additional teeth (controls). Root canals were
instrumented to size 50/.04 and filled with either tooth-colored MTA (ProRoot) or
CH (UltraCal XS); control teeth were filled with saline. The pH in root surface cavities
was measured at 3 hours, 24 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks.
Results
In controls, pH readings did not differ significantly during the 4 weeks (P > .05, repeated-measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]). For the experimental intragroup
effects, significant pH changes occurred over time in the MTA group (P = .005, repeated-measures ANOVA) and the CH group (P < .0001). For the experimental intergroup effects, the overall mean pH was higher
in the MTA group (8.66; standard error [SE], 0.07) compared with the CH group (8.46;
SE, 0.07) (P = .014, paired t test). At 4 weeks pH was higher in the MTA group (8.30; SE, 0.16) compared with the
CH group (7.90; SE, 0.11) (P = .011); at all other time points intergroup differences were insignificant. The
null hypothesis was rejected.
Conclusions
Intracanal MTA and CH groups differed in their overall effect on pH measured in simulated
root surface resorption defects. At 4 weeks intracanal placement of MTA compared with
CH resulted in a small but significantly higher pH.
Key Words
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© 2011 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
