Abstract
Introduction
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression via posttranscriptional
repression. They are critical to normal cellular function, and bioinformatic predictions
indicate that at least one third of all messenger RNAs might be regulated by miRNAs.
Although both the innate and adaptive immune responses are known to be regulated by
miRNAs, their role in regulating endodontic disease has yet to be explored. The purpose
of this study was to examine the differential expression of miRNAs in normal and inflamed
human dental pulps and to explore their functional gene targets.
Methods
After obtaining informed consent, we collected normal and inflamed human pulps (N
= 30). Microarray and molecular biology techniques were then used for gene profiling
and identifying functional gene targets.
Results
Of the 335 human miRNAs identified in the pulp tissues, 3 miRNAs, miR-150∗, miR-584,
and miR-766, were significantly up-regulated in inflamed pulps as compared with normal
pulps (P < .003). Thirty-three miRNAs were down-regulated in the inflamed pulps (P < .003). The false discovery rate for these findings is estimated to be approximately
5%. The potential gene targets for these miRNAs include proinflammatory cytokines
as well as other key mediators of the immune and inflammatory response to infection.
Conclusions
Our data identify differential expression of miRNAs in healthy and diseased human
dental pulps. These findings highlight the intricate and specific roles of miRNA in
inflammation and immunity, both of which are key aspects of pulpal pathology.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 16, 2012
Footnotes
Supported by the School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, and the American Association of Endodontists Foundation.
Identification
Copyright
Published by Elsevier Inc.
