Abstract
Introduction
It is known that the level of the maxillary sinus floor varies with age. Because few
studies have investigated whether the position of the posterior roots relative to
the maxillary sinus varied with the variation of the sinus floor or not, the present
study assessed the position according to age.
Methods
Cone-beam computed tomographic images of 848 patients were reconstructed to evaluate
the position of the posterior roots relative to the sinus floor, which were divided
into 3 types, and quantify the distances between posterior root apexes and the adjacent
border of the sinus floor. Measurements were taken for each root, and data were correlated
with age, which was divided into 4 groups (≤20 years, 21–40 years, 41–60 years, and
>60 years).
Results
A total of 3063 premolars and 3095 molars were evaluated. The mean distances from
the root tips to the border of the maxillary sinus floor increased with increasing
age. From the first and second premolar roots, the mean distances ranged from 3.6 ± 4.1 mm
to 8.9 ± 4.6 mm and from 0.7 ± 3.3 mm to 5.3 ± 3.9 mm, respectively. From the mesiobuccal,
distobuccal, and palatinal roots of the first molars, the mean distances were −0.4 ± 2.8 mm
to 4.6 ± 4.0 mm, −0.3 ± 2.4 mm to 4.4 ± 3.8 mm, and −0.4 ± 3.5 mm to 3.9 ± 4.1 mm,
respectively. From the mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and palatinal roots of the second molars,
the mean distances were −0.5 ± 2.2 mm to 3.4 ± 3.5 mm, 0.3 ± 2.2 mm to 3.9 ± 3.7 mm,
and 1.1 ± 3.2 mm to 4.6 ± 4.5 mm, respectively. The frequency of type IS decreased
with increasing age. It was very low in first premolars (0%–8.13%) and higher in second
premolars (0%–25.68%), first molars (0%–44.75%), and second molars (0%–32.89%). Age
significantly influenced the mean distances to the sinus floor and the frequencies
of type IS (inside).
Conclusions
Cone-beam computed tomographic imaging is an effective method to study the position
of the posterior roots to the maxillary sinus floor. Variation in proximity measurements
was found by age, with those under the age of 40 showing a greater likelihood of the
position of maxillary roots above/inside the sinus floor.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 19, 2015
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
