Highlights
- •Both EndoSequence Root Repair Material (RRM) and MTA had a similar granular surface, which allowed cells to attach and spread.
- •RRM and MTA promoted cell proliferation and survival of human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, and dental pulp stem cells when the materials were in direct contact with the cells.
- •The survival effect shown by the materials was largely mediated by Erk signaling pathway.
Abstract
Introduction
The purpose of this study was to investigate odontogenic and osteogenic cell adhesion,
proliferation, and survival on the surface of a newly developed bioceramic material
(EndoSequence Root Repair Material [RRM]; Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) and compare
it with mineral trioxide aggregate (gray MTA) (ProRoot MTA; Dentsply Tulsa Dental,
Tulsa, OK). A potential role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling
in the RRM/MTA-induced cellular activities was also investigated.
Methods
Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, and dental
pulp stem cells were cultured on RRM- or MTA-coated slides. Cell proliferation was
assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)
assays after 1, 3, and 5 days of growth. Cell survival was assessed under serum starvation
(0.5% and 0.2% serum) using MTT assays. RRM and MTA surface characteristics and cell
morphology were studied using a scanning electron microscope. The role of ERK signaling
in RRM/MTA-induced cell proliferation/survival was studied using an ERK-specific inhibitor.
Results
All cell types firmly attached to RRM- and MTA-coated plates. The coated surfaces
had a granular appearance under the scanning electron microscope. Compared with those
grown on uncoated plates, the cells on MTA/RRM-coated plates appeared healthy and
smaller. Cell proliferation was significantly higher on RRM/MTA-coated surfaces (2-
to 3-fold in cell number). The mitogenic effect on periodontal ligament stem cells
and dental pulp stem cells was more pronounced with RRM than MTA (49% and 26% higher,
respectively), but human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells responded to both materials
similarly. In serum-deprived conditions, significantly more cells (2- to 3-fold) survived
on RRM/MTA surfaces. The cells grown on RRM/MTA surfaces showed sustained up-regulation
of ERK phosphorylation, and blocking ERK signaling with U0126 significantly reduced
RRM- and MTA-dependent cell survival.
Conclusions
MTA and RRM are biocompatible and promote cell proliferation and survival in an ERK-dependent
manner.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 06, 2016
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
