Highlights
- •Enterococcus faecalis has esteraselike hydrolase activities.
- •E. faecalis hydrolyzes dental resin composites and adhesives.
- •E. faecalis could compromise the restoration-tooth interface.
- •E. faecalis could compromise the endodontic sealer–tooth interface.
Abstract
Introduction
After root canal treatment, the dentin-sealer interface undergoes degradation, allowing
for interfacial microbial biofilm proliferation and treatment failure. Saliva and
cariogenic bacteria showed esterase-like activities (ie, cholesterol esterase [CE]-like
and/or pseudocholinesterase [PCE]-like) that degrade methacrylate-based resin materials
and/or the restoration-tooth interface, increasing microbial interfacial proliferation.
Enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive bacterium that is commonly detected in persistent endodontic infections.
The aim of this study was to measure E. faecalis esterase-like, CE-like, and PCE-like activities and to assess the ability of the
bacterium to degrade methacrylate-based resin composite (RC) and total-etch (TE) and
self-etch (SE) adhesives.
Methods
CE-like and PCE-like activities from E. faecalis were measured using nitrophenyl and butyrylthiocholine substrates, respectively.
The ability of E. faecalis to degrade resin composite, total-etch and self-etch adhesives was examined by quantifying
the release of a universal resin degradation by-product (ie, Bis[hydroxypropoxy]-phenyl
propane [BisHPPP]) using high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results
E. faecalis showed CE-like (1.23 ± 0.13 U/μg dry bacteria) but no PCE-like activity. After 30 days
and/or 14 days of incubation, the amount of BisHPPP released was significantly higher
in the presence of bacteria versus media for TE and RC but not SE (P < .05). The amount of BisHPPP released after 30 days of incubation with bacteria
was highest for TE (23.69 ± 1.72 μg/cm2) followed by RC (3.43 ± 1.20 μg/cm2) and lowest for SE (0.86 ± 0.44 μg/cm2) (P < .05).
Conclusions
E. faecalis possesses esterase-like degradative activity toward dental methacrylate resin restoration
materials, which could accelerate the degradation of the dentin-methacrylate resin
interface, increasing bacterial biofilm proliferation and penetration into the root
canal system.
Key Words
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of EndodonticsAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Critical review on methacrylate resin-based root canal sealers.J Endod. 2010; 36: 383-399
- Adhesion to intraradicular dentin: a review.J Adhes Sci Technol. 2009; 23: 1053-1083
- Cement system and surface treatment selection for fiber post luting.Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2008; 13: E214-E221
- Restoration of endodontically treated teeth review and treatment recommendations.Int J Dent. 2009; 2009: 150251
- Self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems in clinical dentistry.Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2013; 34 (16, 18; quiz 20, 30): 12-14
- The influence of resin chemistry on a dental composite's biodegradation.J Biomed Mater Res A. 2004; 69: 233-246
- Salivary esterase activity and its association with the biodegradation of dental composites.J Dent Res. 2004; 83: 22-26
- Cariogenic bacteria degrade dental resin composites and adhesives.J Dent Res. 2013; 92: 989-994
- Biodegradation of resin-dentin interfaces increases bacterial microleakage.J Dent Res. 2010; 89: 996-1001
- Coronal leakage as a cause of failure in root-canal therapy: a review.Endod Dent Traumatol. 1994; 10: 105-108
- Bacterial pathogenesis and mediators in apical periodontitis.Braz Dent J. 2007; 18: 267-280
- The virulence of Streptococcus mutans and the ability to form biofilms.Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014; 33: 499-515
- Characterization of a novel cell wall-anchored protein with carboxylesterase activity required for virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.J Biol Chem. 2007; 282: 18348-18356
- The secreted esterase of group a streptococcus is important for invasive skin infection and dissemination in mice.Infect Immun. 2009; 77: 5225-5232
- Prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis in saliva and filled root canals of teeth associated with apical periodontitis.Int J Oral Sci. 2012; 4: 19-23
- The mysterious appearance of enterococci in filled root canals.Int Endod J. 2009; 42: 277-287
- Virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis: relationship to endodontic disease.Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2004; 15: 308-320
Marashdeh M, Gitalis R, Levesque C, Finer Y. Enterococcus faecalis has hydrolase activities that degrade resin composites and dentinal collagen. Paper presented at: 47th Annual Meeting of the AADR, 42st Annual Meeting of the CADR. March 21-2, 2018; Fort Lauderdale, FL.
- Biodegradation of resin composites and adhesives by oral bacteria and saliva: a rationale for new material designs that consider the clinical environment and treatment challenges.Dent Mater. 2014; 30: 16-32
- Effect of salivary esterase on the integrity and fracture toughness of the dentin-resin interface.J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2010; 94: 230-237
- Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor modulates esterase-catalyzed degradation of resin-dentin interfaces.Dent Mater. 2016; 32: 1513-1523
- Microbial biofilm proliferation within sealer-root dentin interfaces is affected by sealer type and aging period.J Endod. 2012; 38: 1253-1256
- Nanocomposites With Biodegradable Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Future Perspectives.Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK2011
- Elements of Polymer Degradation.McGraw-Hill, New York, NY1971
- Draft genome sequence of the quality control strain Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212.J Bacteriol. 2012; 194: 6006-6007
- Genome sequence of Streptococcus mutans UA159, a cariogenic dental pathogen.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002; 99: 14434-14439
- The influence of 30-day-old Streptococcus mutans biofilm on the surface of esthetic restorative materials–an in vitro study.J Dent. 2008; 36: 833-839
- The impact of three strains of oral bacteria on the surface and mechanical properties of a dental resin material.Clin Oral Investig. 2012; 16: 1095-1103
- Lag phase is a distinct growth phase that prepares bacteria for exponential growth and involves transient metal accumulation.J Bacteriol. 2012; 194: 686-701
- Promoter activity dynamics in the lag phase of Escherichia coli.BMC Syst Biol. 2013; 7: 136
- The extracellular proteome of Rhizobium etli CE3 in exponential and stationary growth phase.Proteome Sci. 2010; 8: 51
- Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance.Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999; 12: 147-179
- Studies on bacterial enzymes: V. The carbohydrases and lipase of the Welch bacillus.J Exp Med. 1927; 45: 947-959
- Bacterial secretion systems: an overview.Microbiol Spectr. 2016; 4: VMBF-0012-2015
- Type III protein secretion systems in bacterial pathogens of animals and plants.Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998; 62: 379-433
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 03, 2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 American Association of Endodontists.
