Abstract
Introduction
Needle-free anesthetic delivery is a promising alternative to traditional anesthetic
routes of administration. The purpose of this study was to determine the patient preference
for and pulpal anesthetic efficacy of a 3% tetracaine plus 0.05% oxymetazoline (Kovanaze)
nasal spray in maxillary lateral incisors and first premolars.
Methods
Fifty adult subjects randomly received a 3% tetracaine plus 0.05% oxymetazoline (Kovanaze)
nasal spray and mock infiltration or a mock nasal spray and 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000
epinephrine infiltration at the maxillary lateral incisor or first premolar in 2 appointments
spaced at least 1 week apart in a single-blind cross-over design. Pulpal anesthesia
was evaluated with an electric pulp tester. Side effects and subject preferences were
also recorded.
Results
Anesthetic success was significantly lower for the Kovanaze nasal spray and mock infiltration
(22%–37%) than for the mock nasal spray and lidocaine infiltration (89%–91%). Subjects
reported more unwanted effects (nasal drainage and congestion, burning, pressure,
and sinus congestion) after the Kovanaze nasal spray and mock infiltration than the
mock spray and maxillary infiltration. Before participating in the study, more subjects
(56%) preferred the nasal spray route versus a standard infiltration (44%). After
experiencing both routes of administration, 100% of subjects preferred the standard
infiltration.
Conclusions
The 3% tetracaine plus 0.05% oxymetazoline (Kovanaze) nasal spray provided significantly
less successful pulpal anesthesia than the lidocaine infiltration, was less preferable,
and caused more unwanted effects.
Key Words
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Article info
Footnotes
Contributions: Dr Capetillo completed this study for a Master of Science degree. The other authors contributed to the study design, IRB submission, and statistical analysis, and were actively involved in the execution of the study, financial funding, and served on the Master’s Examination Committee.
Identification
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© 2018 American Association of Endodontists.
