Abstract
Introduction
Although epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea has been successfully used
in the prevention and treatment of several infectious and immunoinflammatory diseases
because of its proven anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiresorptive
role, its use as an intracanal dressing has not been proposed. The aim of this study
was to develop a formulation based on EGCG for endodontic use by assessing its physicochemical
and biological properties.
Methods
Initially, physicochemical characterization of EGCG was performed by ultraviolet-visible
and fluorescence spectroscopy to evaluate if the properties were maintained in acidic
pH and time (1–6, 24, and 27 hours). After that, biological studies evaluated the
developed formulation of EGCG at different concentrations (1.25, 5, 10, and 20 mg/mL).
The tissue compatibility with subcutaneous tissue of mice was evaluated by plasma
leakage after 24 hours and the examination of macroscopic and microscopic features
at 7, 21, and 63 days after the insertion of polyethylene tubes containing the formulations.
The repair of experimentally induced periapical lesions in dog's teeth by radiographic
and histopathologic analysis was also evaluated. The scores were statistically analyzed
by the chi-square and Fisher exact test. Analysis of variance followed by the Tukey
posttest were used for the quantitative analysis. The significance level was 5%.
Results
The physicochemical characterization performed under ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry
showed that the EGCG properties remained unaltered in acid pH and function of time,
keeping its wavelength to 274 nm. Macroscopic parameters evaluated at 7, 21, and 63 days
showed that all concentrations presented no epithelial ulceration or presence of mild
superficial tissue necrosis, edema, or vascularization with no significant difference
in the control group. During all periods of microscopic examination, all groups presented
the absence of abscess foci and edema and the presence of fibrous capsule and neovascularization.
The presence of reparative tissue with a gentle presence of neutrophilic inflammatory
cells was also observed for all groups, except for the calcium hydroxide paste group,
which presented a more pronounced inflammation and tissue necrosis at days 7 and 21
(P < .001). At day 63, all groups presented an absence of inflammatory infiltrate and
necrosis. The evaluation of dog teeth showed that treatment with the EGCG formulation
provided a reduction of the periapical radiolucent area and allowed the repair of
apical and periapical tissues (P > .05).
Conclusions
The developed formulation based on EGCG from green tea presented physicochemical stability
and tissue compatibility and provided the repair of periapical lesions when used as
an intracanal dressing.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 19, 2021
Identification
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© 2021 American Association of Endodontists.
