Abstract
Introduction
Periapical abscesses are 1 of the most frequent pathologic lesions in the alveolar
bone. Recently, we have identified 17-octadecynoic acid (17-ODYA) as the highest unique
metabolite in periapical abscesses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate
the immunologic and pathophysiological roles of this metabolite in the initiation
and development of periapical abscesses.
Methods
Periodontal ligament fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated
with 17-ODYA. Gene expression analysis and interleukin (IL)-8 release were determined
using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay. Macrophage polarization and cytokine release were also determined using flow
cytometry and Luminex bioassay (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), respectively.
Results
In periodontal ligament fibroblasts, 17-ODYA caused significant (P < .0001) up-regulation of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase-1, and monocyte
chemoattractant protein-1 at 10 μmol/L after 6 days of treatment and up-regulation
of platelet-derived growth factor alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor alpha
at all tested concentrations after 2 days of treatment. In peripheral blood mononuclear
cells, 17-ODYA significantly increased the expression of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, matrix
metalloproteinase-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 at 10 μmol/L (P < .0001) and vascular endothelial growth factor alpha and platelet-derived growth
factor alpha at 1 μmol/L 17-ODYA (P < .0001). 17-ODYA polarized macrophages toward a proinflammatory phenotype (M1) and
suppressed the release of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. 17-ODYA significantly
enhanced the release of IL-8.
Conclusions
This study was the first to identify the pathologic role of 17-ODYA in the development
of periapical abscesses. The results of this study are important in shedding light
on the pathogenesis of periapical abscesses in relation to microbial metabolites.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 13, 2022
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© 2022 American Association of Endodontists.
